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Scientists have [conducted / contracted] tests on mice showing that fasting could have many health benefits. Fasting is eating or drinking very little or [nothing / something] for a short period of time. It is [usually / unusual] around 24 hours but can be [for / four] a few days. The tests were carried [out / in] by scientists at universities in the USA and Italy. They found that occasional fasting [on / in] mice could reduce the risk of diabetes, heart disease, cancer and [other / others] diseases. The scientists fed mice for four days on a low-calorie, low-protein and low-carbohydrate but high-fat [diets / diet] . They then gave the mice just 10% of their [normally / normal] calorie intake for three days. The scientists found this diet [made / did] the pancreas in the mice work better.

The pancreas is an [organic / organ] in the body that uses special cells called [beta / better] cells to produce the hormone insulin. The body [used / uses] insulin to break down glucose (a kind of sugar) in the [bloody / blood] . People with diabetes have trouble producing enough insulin so they have health problems because there is too [many / much] sugar in their blood. This can cause death. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas stops [producing / produce] insulin. In type 2 diabetes, either not enough insulin is produced or the insulin that is produced has no [affect / effect] . Scientists said the mice on the fasting diet produced [increased / increase] amounts of beta cells and insulin. They said their [result / results] were very promising and that tests now need to be [done / doing] on humans.