The Reading / Listening - Population - Level 6

The population of Japan has fallen by over three million in the past five years. This is the largest drop since records began in 1920. Japan's internal affairs ministry has released preliminary figures for its 2025 census. This demographic survey is conducted every five years. The latest one reveals that the number of residents in October 2025 was 123,049,524. This was a drop of 3,096,575 from the 2020 survey — a fall of 2.5 per cent. The census is the third in a row to show a decrease. Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary said: "It was confirmed again that the population decline is advancing even further." He vowed to promote "comprehensive measures" to address the downturn.

The government attributed the decline to various factors. These included historically low birth rates. In 2025, there were around 706,000 births in Japan. This compared to around 2.5 million annual births during the postwar baby boom. Successive governments have introduced many measures to encourage couples to have babies. They have expanded child allowances, increased parental leave, and subsidized early years education. However, these have had little success. Japan is one of the world's oldest societies. The increasingly greying population is putting considerable strain on healthcare systems, pensions, and the labour force.

Try the same news story at these easier levels:

    Population - Level 4  or  Population - Level 5

Sources
  • https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20260529_08/
  • https://japantoday.com/category/national/update1-japan's-population-marks-sharpest-drop-to-123-mil.-in-2025-census
  • https://japannews.yomiuri.co.jp/society/general-news/20260529-329935/


Make sure you try all of the online activities for this reading and listening - There are dictations, multiple choice activities, drag and drop activities, sentence jumbles, which word activities, text reconstructions, spelling, gap fills and a whole lot more. Please enjoy :-)

Warm-ups

1. POPULATION DECREASE: Students walk around the class and talk to other students about population decrease. Change partners often and share your findings.
2. CHAT: In pairs / groups, talk about these topics or words from the article. What will the article say about them? What can you say about these words and your life?
       population / five years / records / demographic / survey / residents / census / decline
       government / birth rates / baby boom / couples / parental leave / subsidies / pension
Have a chat about the topics you liked. Change topics and partners frequently.
3. DEPOPULATION: Students A strongly believe depopulation is a good thing; Students B strongly believe the opposite. Change partners again and talk about your conversations.
4. BIRTH RATE: What do you think of these ideas for increasing the birth rate? Would they make you act? Complete this table with your partner(s). Change partners often and share what you wrote.

 

What I Think

Me

Free childcare

 

 

Lower taxes for parents

 

 

More playgrounds

 

 

More public housing

 

 

More support for fathers

 

 

Family-friendly companies

 

 

MY e-BOOK
ESL resource book with copiable worksheets and handouts - 1,000 Ideas and Activities for Language Teachers / English teachers
See a sample

5. JAPAN: Spend one minute writing down all of the different words you associate with the word "Japan". Share your words with your partner(s) and talk about them. Together, put the words into different categories.
6. A SHRINKING POPULATION: Rank these with your partner. Put the most worrying things at the top. Change partners often and share your rankings.

  • Fewer babies
  • Emptying villages
  • Bus services stopping
  • Shop closures
  • People living alone
  • High taxes
  • No pension money
  • Nurse shortages

 

Vocabulary

    Paragraph 1

      1. ministry a. Related to a group of people and their characteristics.
      2. preliminary b. Including many parts and dealing with everything important.
      3. census c. A government department that is responsible for a particular area of public affairs.
      4. demographic d. An official count of the people living in a country or area.
      5. in a row e. Not final or complete yet.
      6. vowed f. One after another with no break.
      7. comprehensive g. Promised to do something.

    Paragraph 2

      8. attributed h. Things that help cause a result or situation.
      9. factors i. A time of fast growth and success.
      10. boom j. Paid part of the cost to make something cheaper.
      11. successive k. Said that something was caused by a particular person or thing.
      12. measures l. Pressure caused by too much demand or difficulty.
      13. subsidized m. Actions taken to achieve a goal or solve a problem.
      14. strain n. Following one after another.

 

Before reading / listening

1. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if 1-8 below are true (T) or false (F).

  1. The drop in Japan's population is the biggest since records began.     T / F
  2. Japan conducts a demographic survey once a decade.     T / F
  3. The decline in population was over three per cent.     T / F
  4. It is the fourth consecutive census that has shown a fall in population.     T / F
  5. Japan is experiencing a fall in its birth rate it has not seen before.     T / F
  6. During the postwar baby boom, 2.5 million babies were born every year. T / F
  7. Japan has taken many successful measures to increase its population.     T / F
  8. Japan's ageing population has negative effects on the pension system.    T / F

2. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article.

  1. preliminary
  2. conducted
  3. in a row
  4. vowed
  5. address
  6. attributed
  7. measures
  8. allowances
  9. strain
  10. labour force
  1. pressure
  2. steps
  3. deal with
  4. consecutive
  5. handouts
  6. initial
  7. workers
  8. promised
  9. carried out
  10. accredited

3. PHRASE MATCH: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)

  1. released preliminary
  2. demographic
  3. the third in a
  4. population decline is advancing
  5. comprehensive measures to
  6. attributed the decline
  7. historically low birth
  8. during the postwar baby
  9. putting considerable strain
  10. the labour
  1. row
  2. on healthcare systems
  3. address the downturn
  4. force
  5. boom
  6. even further
  7. figures
  8. rates
  9. survey
  10. to various factors

Gap fill

Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.
confirmed
drop
address
census
further
residents
fallen
row

The population of Japan has (1) _________________________________ by over three million in the past five years. This is the largest (2) _________________________________ since records began in 1920. Japan's internal affairs ministry has released preliminary figures for its 2025 (3) _________________________________. This demographic survey is conducted every five years. The latest one reveals that the number of (4) _________________________________ in October 2025 was 123,049,524. This was a drop of 3,096,575 from the 2020 survey — a fall of 2.5 per cent. The census is the third in a (5) _________________________________ to show a decrease. Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary said: "It was (6) _________________________________ again that the population decline is advancing even (7) _________________________________." He vowed to promote "comprehensive measures" to (8) _________________________________ the downturn.

Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.
boom
years
force
various
success
couples
births
greying

The government attributed the decline to (9) _________________________________ factors. These included historically low birth rates. In 2025, there were around 706,000 (10) _________________________________ in Japan. This compared to around 2.5 million annual births during the postwar baby (11) _________________________________. Successive governments have introduced many measures to encourage (12) _________________________________ to have babies. They have expanded child allowances, increased parental leave, and subsidized early (13) _________________________________ education. However, these have had little (14) _________________________________. Japan is one of the world's oldest societies. The increasingly (15) _________________________________ population is putting considerable strain on healthcare systems, pensions, and the labour (16) _________________________________.

Listening — Guess the answers. Listen to check.

1)  Japan's internal affairs ministry has ______
     a.  released preliminary figurines
     b.  release preliminary figures
     c.  released pre-luminary figures
     d.  released preliminary figures
2)  This was a drop of 3,096,575 from ______
     a.  the 2020 scurvy
     b.  the 2020 survey
     c.  the 2020 surveille
     d.  the 2020 surf way
3)  The census is the third ______
     a.  inner row
     b.  in a row
     c.  in arrow
     d.  in the row
4)  It was confirmed again that the population decline is ______
     a.  advancing even future
     b.  advancing even furrier
     c.  advancing even farther
     d.  advancing even further
5)  He vowed to promote "comprehensive measures" to ______
     a.  address the U-turn
     b.  address the intern
     c.  address the downturn
     d.  address the upturn

6)  The government attributed the decline ______
     a.  to various factors
     b.  to various factories
     c.  to various vectors
     d.  to various fractals
7)  This compared to around 2.5 million annual births during the ______
     a.  postwar baby boom
     b.  postwar baby boon
     c.  postwar baby beam
     d.  postwar baby bone
8)  expanded child allowances, increased parental leave, and subsidized ______
     a.  early year education
     b.  early ears education
     c.  early years education
     d.  earlyish years education
9)  However, these have ______
     a.  had little success
     b.  had little succeed
     c.  had little excess
     d.  had little successive
10)  putting considerable strain on healthcare systems, pensions, and ______
     a.  the labour fierce
     b.  the labour farce
     c.  the labour force
     d.  the labour fours

Listening — Listen and fill in the gaps

The population of Japan (1) _______________________________________________ over three million in the past five years. This is the largest drop since records began in 1920. Japan's internal affairs ministry (2) _______________________________________________ figures for its 2025 census. This demographic survey is conducted every five years. The latest one reveals that the (3) _______________________________________________ in October 2025 was 123,049,524. This was a drop of 3,096,575 from the 2020 survey — a fall of 2.5 per cent. The census is the third (4) _______________________________________________ to show a decrease. Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary said: "It was confirmed again that the population decline (5) _______________________________________________ further." He vowed to promote "comprehensive measures" (6) _______________________________________________ downturn.

The government attributed (7) _______________________________________________ various factors. These included historically low birth rates. In 2025, there were around 706,000 births in Japan. This (8) _______________________________________________ 2.5 million annual births during the postwar baby boom. Successive governments have introduced (9) _______________________________________________ encourage couples to have babies. They have expanded child allowances, increased parental leave, and subsidized (10) _______________________________________________. However, these have had little success. Japan is one of the (11) _______________________________________________. The increasingly greying population is putting considerable strain on healthcare systems, pensions, and (12) _______________________________________________.

Comprehension questions

  1. When did Japan first start to keep population records?
  2. How often does Japan conduct a population census?
  3. What was the fall in population as a percentage?
  4. How many censuses in a row now show a population fall?
  5. What did the government promise to promote?
  6. What did the government attribute the drop to?
  7. How many babies were born in Japan in 2025?
  8. What happened in the postwar years?
  9. What has the government subsidized?
  10. What is the ageing population straining besides pensions and healthcare?

Multiple choice quiz

1) When did Japan first start to keep population records?
a) 1209
b) 1902
c) 1290
d) 1920

2) How often does Japan conduct a population census?
a) every three
b) every five years
c) every 10 years
d) every 20 years

3) What was the fall in population as a percentage?
a) 1.5
b) 2.0
c) 2.5
d) 3.0

4) How many censuses in a row now show a population fall?
a) three
b) four
c) five
d) six

5) What did the government promise to promote?
a) managers
b) parents
c) comprehensive measures
d) kindergarten teachers

6) What did the government attribute the drop to?
a) climate change
b) various factors
c) a weak yen
d) immigration

7) How many babies were born in Japan in 2025?
a) 702,000
b) 704,000
c) 705,000
d) 706,000

8) What happened in the postwar years?
a) There was a baby boom.
b) Maternity clinics were built.
c) There was free school milk.
d) Marriage hit an all-time high.

9) What has the government subsidized?
a) contraception
b) maternity care
c) early years education
d) IVF treatments

10) What is the ageing population straining besides pensions and healthcare?
a) community relations
b) the labour force
c) prices
d) education

Role play

Role  A – Fewer Babies
You think fewer babies is the biggest worry with depopulation. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them why their things aren't as worrying. Also, tell the others which is the least serious of these (and why): higher taxes, emptying villages or fewer workers.

Role  B – Higher Taxes
You think higher taxes is the biggest worry with depopulation. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them why their things aren't as worrying. Also, tell the others which is the least serious of these (and why): fewer babies, emptying villages or fewer workers.

Role  C – Emptying Villages
You think emptying villages is the biggest worry with depopulation. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them why their things aren't as worrying. Also, tell the others which is the least serious of these (and why): higher taxes, fewer babies or fewer workers.

Role  D – Fewer Workers
You think fewer workers is the biggest worry with depopulation. Tell the others three reasons why. Tell them why their things aren't as worrying. Also, tell the others which is the least serious of these (and why): higher taxes, emptying villages or fewer babies.

After reading / listening

1. WORD SEARCH: Look in your dictionary / computer to find collocates, other meanings, information, synonyms … for the words...

'population'

  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • and 'birth rates'.

  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • ________________
  • • Share your findings with your partners.

    • Make questions using the words you found.

    • Ask your partner / group your questions.

    2. ARTICLE QUESTIONS: Look back at the article and write down some questions you would like to ask the class about the text.

    •Share your questions with other classmates / groups. •Ask your partner / group your questions.

    3. GAP FILL: In pairs / groups, compare your answers to this exercise. Check your answers. Talk about the words from the activity. Were they new, interesting, worth learning…?

    4. VOCABULARY: Circle any words you do not understand. In groups, pool unknown words and use dictionaries to find their meanings.

    5. TEST EACH OTHER: Look at the words below. With your partner, try to recall how they were used in the text:

    • past
    • figures
    • conducted
    • reveals
    • row
    • address
    • various
    • historically
    • compared
    • child
    • success
    • strain

    Student survey

    Write five GOOD questions about this topic in the table. Do this in pairs. Each student must write the questions on his / her own paper. When you have finished, interview other students. Write down their answers.

    (Please look at page 12 of the PDF to see a photocopiable example of this activity.)

    Discussion - Population

    STUDENT A’s QUESTIONS (Do not show these to student B)

    1. What did you think when you read the headline?
    2. What images are in your mind when you hear the word 'Japan'?
    3. Are there too many or too few people in your country?
    4. What do you think of the size of the global population?
    5. What problems come with overpopulation?
    6. Why has the world's population increased so much?
    7. What problems come with shrinking populations?
    8. Are shrinking populations good for the environment?
    9. What measures can countries take to address shrinking populations?
    10. What will the world's population be like a century from now?

    STUDENT B’s QUESTIONS (Do not show these to student A)

    1. Did you like reading this article?
    2. What do you think of when you hear the word 'population'?
    3. What do you think about what you read?
    4. Why are birth rates so low in many countries?
    5. What can governments do to encourage couples to have children?
    6. What do you think about maternal and paternal leave?
    7. What are the problems of ageing societies?
    8. What are your concerns about your old age?
    9. Should retirement ages increase to 80?
    10. What questions would you like to ask Japan's government?

    Discussion — Write your own questions

    STUDENT A’s QUESTIONS (Do not show these to student B)

    (a) ________________

    (b) ________________

    (c) ________________

    (d) ________________

    (e) ________________

    STUDENT B’s QUESTIONS (Do not show these to student A)

    (f) ________________

    (g) ________________

    (h) ________________

    (i) ________________

    (j) ________________

    Language — Cloze (Gap-fill)

    The population of Japan has (1) ____ by over three million in the past five years. This is the largest drop since records began in 1920. Japan's internal affairs ministry has released (2) ____ figures for its 2025 census. This demographic survey is conducted every five years. The latest one reveals that the number of (3) ____ in October 2025 was 123,049,524. This was a drop (4) ____ 3,096,575 from the 2020 survey — a fall of 2.5 per cent. The census is the third in a (5) ____ to show a decrease. Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary said: "It was confirmed again that the population decline is advancing even further." He (6) ____ to promote "comprehensive measures" to address the downturn.

    The government (7) ____ the decline to various factors. These included historically low birth rates. In 2025, there were around 706,000 births in Japan. This compared (8) ____ around 2.5 million annual births during the postwar baby boom. Successive governments have introduced many measures to encourage (9) ____ to have babies. They have expanded child allowances, increased parental leave, and subsidized early years education. However, these have had (10) ____ success. Japan is one of the world's oldest societies. The increasingly (11) ____ population is putting considerable strain (12) ____ healthcare systems, pensions, and the labour force.

    Which of these words go in the above text?

    1. (a)     felled     (b)     fallen     (c)     falls     (d)     falling    
    2. (a)     qualifying     (b)     preliminary     (c)     prelude     (d)     pulmonary    
    3. (a)     resides     (b)     residents     (c)     presidents     (d)     residents    
    4. (a)     at     (b)     of     (c)     in     (d)     at    
    5. (a)     low     (b)     row     (c)     mow     (d)     pow    
    6. (a)     wowed     (b)     sowed     (c)     vowed     (d)     towed    
    7. (a)     set     (b)     held     (c)     attributed     (d)     stuck    
    8. (a)     of     (b)     at     (c)     to     (d)     by    
    9. (a)     twos     (b)     duos     (c)     pairs     (d)     couples    
    10. (a)     little     (b)     small     (c)     few     (d)     dearth    
    11. (a)     greying     (b)     grain     (c)     groin     (d)     granule    
    12. (a)     by     (b)     at     (c)     on     (d)     of

    Spelling

    Paragraph 1

    1. Japan's internal affairs ytiimnsr
    2. ipmrareinly figures
    3. crdmhgiopea survey
    4. the number of esnresidt
    5. the suecsn is the third in a row
    6. pmoehsrvecnei measures

    Paragraph 2

    1. udteitatrb the decline to various factors
    2. csciuvsees governments
    3. They have expanded child casloenlwa
    4. isbiusezdd early years education
    5. nrecedsboila strain on healthcare systems
    6. iespsonn and the labour force

    Put the text back together

    (    )   census. This demographic survey is conducted every five years. The latest one reveals that the number
    (    )   couples to have babies. They have expanded child allowances, increased parental
    (    )   further." He vowed to promote "comprehensive measures" to address the downturn.
    (    )   leave, and subsidized early years education. However, these have had little
    (    )   of 2.5 per cent. The census is the third in a row to show a decrease. Japan's Chief Cabinet
    (    )   of residents in October 2025 was 123,049,524. This was a drop of 3,096,575 from the 2020 survey — a fall
    (    )   rates. In 2025, there were around 706,000 births in Japan. This compared to around 2.5 million annual births during
    (  1  )   records began in 1920. Japan's internal affairs ministry has released preliminary figures for its 2025
    (    )   Secretary said: "It was confirmed again that the population decline is advancing even
    (    )   strain on healthcare systems, pensions, and the labour force.
    (    )   success. Japan is one of the world's oldest societies. The increasingly greying population is putting considerable
    (    )   The government attributed the decline to various factors. These included historically low birth
    (    )   The population of Japan has fallen by over three million in the past five years. This is the largest drop since
    (    )   the postwar baby boom. Successive governments have introduced many measures to encourage

    Put the words in the right order

    1. by   fallen   has   Japan's   million   over   population   three   .
    2. began   drop   is   largest   records   since   the   This   .
    3. affairs  figures  has  internal  Japan's  ministry  preliminary   released   .
    4. advancing   decline   even   further   is   population   The   .
    5. address   comprehensive   downturn   measures   Promote   the   to   .
    6. attributed   decline   factors   government   The   the   to   various   .
    7. Annual   baby   births   boom   during   postwar   the   .
    8. babies   couples   encourage   have   Many   measures   to   to   .
    9. is   Japan   of   oldest   one   societies   the   world's   .
    10. considerable   healthcare   is   on   putting   strain   systems   This   .

    Circle the correct word (20 pairs)

    The population of Japan has fallen / felled by over three million in the past five years. This is the largest drop / dropping since records began in 1920. Japan's internal affairs ministry has released preliminary figurines / figures for its 2025 census. This demographic scurvy / survey is conducted every five years. The latest one reveals that the number of residents / residence in October 2025 was 123,049,524. This was a drop at / of 3,096,575 from the 2020 survey — a fall of 2.5 per cent. The census is the third on / in a row to show a / the decrease. Japan's Chief Cabinet Secretary said: "It was confirmed / conformed again that the population decline is advancing even further." He vowed to promote "comprehensive measures" to address the downturn / upturn.

    The government contributed / attributed the decline to various factors. These included historically low born / birth rates. In 2025, there were around 706,000 births in Japan. This comparison / compared to around 2.5 million annual births while / during the postwar baby boom / boomers. Successive governments have introduced many measures / measurements to encourage couples / couple to have babies. They have expanded child allowances, increased parental leave, and subsidized early years education. However, these have had few / little success. Japan is one of the world's oldest societies. The increasingly greying population is putting considerable / considerate strain on healthcare systems, pensions, and the labour farce / force.

    Talk about the connection between each pair of words in italics, and why the correct word is correct. Look up the definition of new words.

    Insert the vowels (a, e, i, o, u)

    Th_  p_p_l_t__n  _f  J_p_n  h_s  f_ll_n  by  _v_r  thr__  m_ll__n  _n  th_  p_st  f_v_  y__rs.  Th_s  _s  th_  l_rg_st  dr_p  s_nc_  r_c_rds  b_g_n  _n  1920.  J_p_n's  _nt_rn_l  _ff__rs  m_n_stry  h_s  r_l__s_d  pr_l_m_n_ry  f_g_r_s  f_r  _ts  2025  c_ns_s.  Th_s  d_m_gr_ph_c  s_rv_y  _s  c_nd_ct_d  _v_ry  f_v_  y__rs.  Th_  l_t_st  _n_  r_v__ls  th_t  th_  n_mb_r  _f  r_s_d_nts  _n  _ct_b_r  2025  w_s  123,049,524.  Th_s  w_s  _  dr_p  _f  3,096,575  fr_m  th_  2020  s_rv_y  —  _  f_ll  _f  2.5  p_r  c_nt.  Th_  c_ns_s  _s  th_  th_rd  _n  _  r_w  t_  sh_w  _  d_cr__s_.  J_p_n's  Ch__f  C_b_n_t  S_cr_t_ry  s__d:  "_t  w_s  c_nf_rm_d  _g__n  th_t  th_  p_p_l_t__n  d_cl_n_  _s  _dv_nc_ng  _v_n  f_rth_r."  H_  v_w_d  t_  pr_m_t_  "c_mpr_h_ns_v_  m__s_r_s"  t_  _ddr_ss  th_  d_wnt_rn.

    Th_  g_v_rnm_nt  _ttr_b_t_d  th_  d_cl_n_  t_  v_r___s  f_ct_rs.  Th_s_  _ncl_d_d  h_st_r_c_lly  l_w  b_rth  r_t_s.  _n  2025,  th_r_  w_r_  _r__nd  706,000  b_rths  _n  J_p_n.  Th_s  c_mp_r_d  t_  _r__nd  2.5  m_ll__n  _nn__l  b_rths  d_r_ng  th_  p_stw_r  b_by  b__m.  S_cc_ss_v_  g_v_rnm_nts  h_v_  _ntr_d_c_d  m_ny  m__s_r_s  t_  _nc__r_g_  c__pl_s  t_  h_v_  b_b__s.  Th_y  h_v_  _xp_nd_d  ch_ld  _ll_w_nc_s,  _ncr__s_d  p_r_nt_l  l__v_,  _nd  s_bs_d_z_d  __rly  y__rs  _d_c_t__n.  H_w_v_r,  th_s_  h_v_  h_d  l_ttl_  s_cc_ss.  J_p_n  _s  _n_  _f  th_  w_rld's  _ld_st  s_c__t__s.  Th_  _ncr__s_ngly  gr_y_ng  p_p_l_t__n  _s  p_tt_ng  c_ns_d_r_bl_  str__n  _n  h__lthc_r_  syst_ms,  p_ns__ns,  _nd  th_  l_b__r  f_rc_.

    Punctuate the text and add capitals

    the population of japan has fallen by over three million in the past five years this is the largest drop since records began in 1920 japans internal affairs ministry has released preliminary figures for its 2025 census this demographic survey is conducted every five years the latest one reveals that the number of residents in october 2025 was 123049524 this was a drop of 3096575 from the 2020 survey a fall of 25 per cent the census is the third in a row to show a decrease japans chief cabinet secretary said it was confirmed again that the population decline is advancing even further he vowed to promote comprehensive measures to address the downturn

    the government attributed the decline to various factors these included historically low birth rates in 2025 there were around 706000 births in japan this compared to around 25 million annual births during the postwar baby boom successive governments have introduced many measures to encourage couples to have babies they have expanded child allowances increased parental leave and subsidized early years education however these have had little success japan is one of the worlds oldest societies the increasingly greying population is putting considerable strain on healthcare systems pensions and the labour force

    Put a slash (/) where the spaces are

    ThepopulationofJapanhasfallenbyoverthreemillioninthepastfiveyea
    rs.Thisisthelargestdropsincerecordsbeganin1920.Japan'sinternalaf
    fairsministryhasreleasedpreliminaryfiguresforits2025census.Thisd
    emographicsurveyisconductedeveryfiveyears.Thelatestonerevealst
    hatthenumberofresidentsinOctober2025was123,049,524.Thiswasa
    dropof3,096,575fromthe2020survey—afallof2.5percent.Thecensu
    sisthethirdinarowtoshowadecrease.Japan'sChiefCabinetSecretarys
    aid:"Itwasconfirmedagainthatthepopulationdeclineisadvancingeve
    nfurther."Hevowedtopromote"comprehensivemeasures"toaddresst
    hedownturn.Thegovernmentattributedthedeclinetovariousfactors.
    Theseincludedhistoricallylowbirthrates.In2025,therewerearound70
    6,000birthsinJapan.Thiscomparedtoaround2.5millionannualbirthsd
    uringthepostwarbabyboom.Successivegovernmentshaveintroduce
    dmanymeasurestoencouragecouplestohavebabies.Theyhaveexpan
    dedchildallowances,increasedparentalleave,andsubsidizedearlyyea
    rseducation.However,thesehavehadlittlesuccess.Japanisoneofthew
    orld'soldestsocieties.Theincreasinglygreyingpopulationisputtingcon
    siderablestrainonhealthcaresystems,pensions,andthelabourforce.

    Free writing

    Write about Japan's shrinking population for 10 minutes. Comment on your partner’s paper.

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    Academic writing

    Shrinking populations are good for the world. Discuss.

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    Homework

    1. VOCABULARY EXTENSION: Choose several of the words from the text. Use a dictionary or Google’s search field (or another search engine) to build up more associations / collocations of each word.
    2. INTERNET: Search the Internet and find out more about this news story. Share what you discover with your partner(s) in the next lesson.
    3. POPULATION DECREASE: Make a poster about population decrease. Show your work to your classmates in the next lesson. Did you all have similar things?
    4. SHRINKING POPULATIONS: Write a magazine article about encouraging decreases in population. Include imaginary interviews with people who are for and against this.
    Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Write down any new words and expressions you hear from your partner(s).
    5. WHAT HAPPENED NEXT? Write a newspaper article about the next stage in this news story. Read what you wrote to your classmates in the next lesson. Give each other feedback on your articles.
    6. LETTER: Write a letter to an expert on population decrease. Ask him/her three questions about it. Give him/her three of your ideas about this. Read your letter to your partner(s) in your next lesson. Your partner(s) will answer your questions.

    A Few Additional Activities for Students

    Ask your students what they have read, seen or heard about this news in their own language. Students are likely to / may have have encountered this news in their L1 and therefore bring a background knowledge to the classroom.

    Get students to role play different characters from this news story.

    Ask students to keep track of this news and revisit it to discuss in your next class.

    Ask students to male predictions of how this news might develop in the next few days or weeks, and then revisit and discuss in a future class.

    Ask students to write a follow-up story to this news.

    Students role play a journalist and someone who witnessed or was a part of this news. Perhaps they could make a video of the interview.

    Ask students to keep a news journal in English and add this story to their thoughts.

    Also...

    Buy my 1,000 Ideas and Activities for Language Teachers eBook. It has hundreds of ideas, activity templates, reproducible activities for:

    • News
    • Warm ups
    • Pre-reading / Post-reading
    • Using headlines
    • Working with words
    • While-reading / While-listening
    • Moving from text to speech
    • Post-reading / Post-listening
    • Discussions
    • Using opinions
    • Plans
    • Language
    • Using lists
    • Using quotes
    • Task-based activities
    • Role plays
    • Using the central characters in the article
    • Using themes from the news
    • Homework

    Buy my book

    $US 9.99

    Answers

    (Please look at page 26 of the PDF to see a photocopiable example of this activity.)

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